Bass Speaker: Structure, Applications, Classification & Buying Experience

Bass speakers are specialized audio devices that reproduce low bass in the frequency range from 20Hz to 500Hz, playing an important role in creating fullness and richness for music.

Bass speakers are made up of 6 main components including speaker membrane, magnet, voice coil, metal frame, surround and speaker driver, which work by converting electrical signals into mechanical movement to create sound.

Based on size and capacity, bass speakers are divided into 5 types: bass 20, bass 25, bass 30, bass 40 and bass 50 suitable for different spaces and purposes, from home to professional.

Bass speakers have many important applications in sound systems such as enhancing bass, supporting subwoofer systems, balancing sound and enhancing entertainment experiences.

“Using multiple subwoofers can increase dynamic range, reduce distortion, and deliver more even bass throughout the room,” says Dr. Floyd Toole, former Vice President of Acoustical Engineering at Harman International.

Choosing a bass speaker requires considering factors such as usage needs, installation space, capacity, speaker membrane material and budget. To buy a suitable bass speaker, users should buy from a reputable brand, and testing before buying is also very important to ensure the sound quality meets the needs.

Join Phuc Truong to learn more about the structure, operating principles, applications and popular bass types today. At the same time, we share some great tips to help you choose the right quality bass speaker!

What is a Bass Speaker?

Bass speakers are specialized audio devices that reproduce bass in the frequency range from 20Hz to 500Hz. This type of speaker is equipped in sound systems such as karaoke systems, home theaters or professional recording studios. It works with other speakers such as tweeters and mid-range speakers to create full-range sound.

Bass plays an important role in creating fullness and richness to music, making the listening experience more complete. Bass is often divided into 3 main types:

• Deep Bass: Deep bass, also known as “sub-bass”, is the lowest range of sound that a bass speaker can reproduce, ranging from 20Hz to 80Hz. This is a powerful, deep bass that gives a distinct “vibration” feeling.
• Mid-Bass: Mid bass is the most common type of bass from 80Hz to 250Hz, appearing in most home audio and karaoke systems. This is an easy-to-listen, balanced bass range that is compatible with many music genres. Bass speakers that reproduce mid bass often provide clear sound, not overwhelmed by bass that is too deep or too light.
• Upper Bass: High bass is the bass range close to the mid-range frequency from 250Hz to 500Hz, providing a softer and more balanced bass. Bass speakers that reproduce high bass are often used for listening to light music or in small spaces where deep bass is not needed but still ensure harmony in the overall sound.

Structure and Operating Principle of Bass Speaker.

Bass speakers are made up of 6 main components: speaker membrane, magnet, voice coil, metal frame, corrugated edge and speaker. Bass speakers create sound waves when the current from the amplifier passes through the voice coil, it creates a magnetic field that interacts with the magnet, causing the speaker membrane to vibrate.

What components does a Bass Speaker consist of?

Bass speakers are made up of the following 6 main components: 

• Cone: This is the most important part, responsible for vibrating to create sound. The speaker membrane is usually made from light but durable materials such as paper, plastic, or synthetic fibers. The material of the speaker membrane directly affects the quality of the sound emitted.
• Magnet: The magnet in the woofer creates a magnetic field, which interacts with the voice coil to create movement. The magnet is usually made of ferrite or neodymium, with neodymium being stronger and lighter.
• Voice Coil:A voice coil is a coil of electrically conducting wire attached to the speaker diaphragm. When an electric current passes through the coil, it interacts with the magnetic field of the magnet, causing the coil and diaphragm to move, thereby creating sound.
• Metal frame (Frame): A metal frame, usually made of cast iron or aluminum, holds the woofer components in place. It ensures stability and reduces unwanted vibrations during operation.
• Surround: The surround is the connection between the speaker cone and the speaker frame, helping the speaker cone move flexibly but still maintain a fixed position. The material of the surround also affects the durability and sound quality.
• Speaker (Driver): This is the central part of the bass speaker, where components such as magnets, voice coils and diaphragms are gathered to work synchronously, creating low-frequency sounds.

How does a Bass Speaker work?

As the current from the amplifier passes through the voice coil, it creates a changing magnetic field. This magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field of the magnet, causing the voice coil and speaker diaphragm to move back and forth. This movement compresses and expands the air, creating the sound waves we hear. 

What is the Application of Bass Speaker in Sound System?

Bass speakers play an important role in sound systems, below are 6 main applications:

• Bass Boost: Bass speakers are responsible for reproducing low frequencies (bass), making the sound stronger, deeper and more realistic, especially in dance music, hip-hop, or songs with many bass instruments.
• Support in subwoofer speaker systemr: The bass speaker is the main component of the subwoofer, helping to reproduce bass in sound systems such as home theaters, stages, or large events.
• Sound balance: In a sound system, the bass speaker helps balance the tones between high (treble), mid (mid) and low (bass) frequencies, providing a more harmonious sound experience.
• Applications in stage and event sound: In large sound systems, the bass speaker is responsible for amplifying the bass, ensuring powerful sound.
• Enhance your entertainment experience: The bass speaker creates a powerful vibration effect, bringing a more vivid feeling when listening to music, watching action movies, or playing games.

What Types of Bass Speakers Are There?

Based on size and power, bass speakers are divided into 5 main types to suit each usage need. Small bass speakers like 20, 25 and 30 bass are suitable for home spaces, while large types like 40, 50 bass are ideal for professional sound systems. 

Bass Speaker 20 (2 Inch Speaker)

The 20 bass speaker is a compact speaker, often used in home audio systems and portable speakers. With a 20cm speaker membrane size, the 20 bass speaker is suitable for small spaces or applications that require convenience and ease of movement. This was a popular choice in families in the past, although it is now gradually being replaced by larger sizes.

Characteristics:

• Size: Speaker diameter 20cm.
• Power: Usually from 100W to 300W, but some high-end models can reach higher power.

Advantages:

• Compact design, easy to install and move.
• Cheap price, suitable for common users.

Application:

• Suitable for spaces under 15m² such as bedrooms or small living rooms.
• Often appears in mini karaoke speakers or portable speakers.

Practical example: Pioneer or JBL 20 bass speaker models are often highly appreciated for their sound quality and durability, suitable for basic entertainment needs.

Bass Speaker 25 (2.5 Inch Speaker)

25 bass speakers are one of the most popular types of speakers today, especially in home karaoke systems. With a 25cm speaker membrane size, the 25 bass speaker has the ability to reproduce bass better than the 20 bass, providing a more vivid sound experience. This is the ideal choice for moderate spaces and multi-purpose entertainment needs.

Characteristics:

• Size: Speaker diameter 25cm.
• Capacity: Ranging from 200W to 500W, optimized for home karaoke systems or listening to music.

Advantages:

• Deeper and more powerful bass than 20 woofer.
• Moderate size, easy to install in normal spaces.

Application:

• Suitable for room space from 15m² to 25m².
• Used in home audio systems or small karaoke rooms.

Practical example: BMB or Paramax 25 bass speakers are often chosen for home karaoke systems thanks to their ability to reproduce detailed bass and warm bass.

Bass Speaker 30 (3 Inch Speaker)

Bass 30 speakers are a popular speaker line in both families and small professional sound systems. With a 30cm speaker diameter, this speaker line delivers tight and powerful bass, suitable for listening to music, karaoke and small performances. This is the ideal choice for those who require high sound quality.

Characteristics:

• Size: Speaker diameter 30cm.
• Power: From 300W to 800W, depending on brand and product line.

Advantages:

• Powerful bass, tight and round bass.
• Diverse capacity, meeting many purposes.

Application:

• Suitable for spaces from 20m² to 35m².
• Used in high-end family karaoke rooms or small professional sound systems.

Practical example: JBL or Yamaha 30 bass speakers are often used in professional karaoke rooms thanks to their outstanding sound performance and high durability.

Bass Speaker 40 (4 Inch Speaker)

Bass 40 speakers are a line of speakers for professional sound systems or large spaces. With a large speaker membrane size of 40cm, this line of speakers delivers extremely powerful bass and good diffusion, suitable for spaces such as halls, stages or large karaoke rooms.

Characteristics:

• Size: Speaker diameter 40cm.
• Power: From 350W to 1000W, well meets the need for loud sound.

Advantages:

• Powerful sound, solid and deep bass.
• Good sound diffusion ability, suitable for crowded events.

Applicationng:

• Suitable for spaces over 40m² such as halls, large karaoke bars or small stages.
• Used in professional audio systems or large subwoofers.

Real-world example: Electro-Voice or Martin Audio 40-woofers are the top choice for large sound events thanks to their deep bass and durability.

Bass Speaker 50 (5 Inch Speaker)

Bass 50 speakers are high-end speakers with a speaker membrane size of up to 50cm, often used for professional sound systems such as large stages, halls, or cinemas. This type of speaker delivers extremely deep and powerful bass, creating the most impressive sound effects.

Characteristics:

• Size: Speaker diameter 50cm.
• Power: Varies from a few hundred W to a few thousand W, depending on the speaker line and the amount of bass.

Advantages:

• Deep and powerful bass, creating vivid and realistic effects.
• Large capacity, suitable for large-scale audio events.

Applicationg:

• Suitable for open spaces or large karaoke rooms over 40m².
• Used in professional subwoofers or subwoofers.

Real-world example: RCF or FBT 50 bass speakers are often used in large performance stages or high-end cinemas, delivering a powerful and vibrant sound experience.

Comparison table of popular Bass speakers:

Bass Speaker Type	Size (cm)	Power (W)	Application	Suitable Space
bass 20	20	100-300	Small home audio system	Under 15m²
bass 25	25	200-500	Family karaoke system	15-25 m²
bass 30	30	300-800	Home audio, small stage	20-35 m²
bass 40	40	350-1000	Large karaoke, hall	Over 40m²
bass 50	50	Several hundred to several thousand	Big stage, cinema	Open space

Experience Buying Good Bass Speakers

Determine your needs, space and budget to choose the right bass speaker. Prioritize reputable brands, check the actual sound to buy a good, quality product that is right for you!

Identify your usage needs

First, you need to clearly define the purpose and space of using the bass speaker to choose the right type:

• For family use: Choose a compact bass speaker like a 20 or 25 bass speaker, suitable for a family karaoke room or living room.
• For stage, hall: Large bass speakers like 40 or 50 bass will be a good choice to meet the needs of powerful sound and large space.
• For portable speakers: Choose a small sized bass (20 bass) for easy portability and outdoor use.

Note: If you like deep, powerful bass, choose a dedicated subwoofer to enhance the bass range.

Choose the right size Bass speaker for your space 

The size of the bass speaker directly affects the bass and sound coverage. If you only listen to music or karaoke in a small space, you should not choose a bass that is too large because it can easily cause residual bass and unbalanced sound. For large spaces, prioritize bass types from 30cm or more to ensure good sound spread.

Check speaker power

Power is an important factor that determines the volume and quality of sound. Choose a speaker with a power that matches your amplifier or sound system to avoid distortion or speaker burnout.

• Family: Choose a speaker with a capacity of 150W - 500W is enough.
• Professional Karaoke: Capacity from 500W – 1000W.
• Big stage: Choose speakers with a capacity of over 1000W or combine many large bass speakers.

Note: Speaker power must be compatible with amplifier power. Amp powerThe li should be about 20% larger than the speaker capacity to ensure stable sound and avoid speaker damage.

Bass membrane material 

The material of the bass speaker membrane directly affects the sound quality. Currently, there are 3 popular speaker membrane materials:

• Paper film: Natural, warm sound, but easily damaged if not properly maintained.
• Plastic or synthetic fiber film: More durable, suitable for outdoor use.
• Metallized membrane: Sharp, powerful sound, often used in professional speakers.

Advice: Choose the speaker membrane that suits your needs. For home use, paper or synthetic fiber membranes are good choices. For stage use, prioritize plastic or metal membranes to ensure durability.

Budget friendly

Bass speakers vary in price, depending on size, brand, and power. Consider your budget:

• 20 bass speaker: About 1 - 3 million VND.
• 25 bass speaker: About 3 - 6 million VND.
• 30 bass speaker: About 6 - 12 million VND.
• 40 bass speaker: About 12 - 30 million VND (depending on brand).
• 50 bass speaker: Over 30 million VND, usually for professional systems.

Advice: Don't choose speakers that are too cheap because of poor sound quality and low durability. Invest in products with reasonable prices from reputable brands.

Brand and reputable purchase address

The brand and place of purchase also greatly affect the quality of the product. Choose famous brands and reputable addresses to ensure quality and warranty policy.

Famous bass speaker brandg:

• JBL: Powerful sound quality, suitable for both home and stage.
• BMB: Specialized karaoke speakers with detailed, bright sound.
• Paramax: Affordable price, suitable for general users.
• Yamaha: True, durable sound, suitable for both music and karaoke.
• Bose: Deep bass, compact, premium design.

Reputable shopping address:

• Large electronics stores like Nguyen Kim, Dien May Xanh, or audio stores like Phuc Truong Audio.
• Reputable e-commerce sites such as Lazada, Shopee Mall, or Tiki (prioritize products with genuine warranty).

Try the real experience

When buying a bass speaker, you should listen to it to evaluate the sound quality in the following 3 ways:

• Check the bass: Bass must be deep, warm, and free of noise.
• Check the sound balance: A good bass speaker should not only have strong bass but also be balanced with mids and highs.
• Try at different volume levels: Make sure the speaker does not crackle or distort when turned up to high volume.

Tip: Bring a familiar music player (such as phone, USB) to listen to the songs you often listen to, to help evaluate more accurately.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is the difference between a bass speaker and a subwoofer?

The woofer reproduces bass in the frequency range from 20Hz to 500Hz, while subwoofer Subwoofers are typically more powerful and are designed to deliver more powerful bass in sound systems.

2. How to preserve bass speakers to increase their lifespan?

Place the speaker in a dry place, away from direct sunlight and high humidity. Clean the speaker membrane periodically with a soft cloth and avoid operating the speaker at maximum power for long periods of time.

3. What are common errors when using bass speakers and how to fix them?

3 common errors of bass speakers

• Speaker is distorted: Check wire connection or turn down volume.
• The speaker membrane is torn.: Replace new speaker membrane.
• Speaker has no sound: Check power source and amplifier.

4. How to match bass speakers with suitable amplifiers?

Choose an amplifier with a capacity about 20% greater than the bass speaker capacity to ensure stable sound and avoid distortion or speaker burnout.

5. Does the placement of the bass speaker affect the sound quality?

Yes. Placing the bass speaker near a wall or corner of the room will enhance the bass, but avoid placing it too close to avoid creating echoes.

6. Are bass speakers suitable for specific music genres?

Bass speakers are suitable for music genres with strong bass such as hip-hop, EDM, rock, but can also be used for light music if choosing the high bass type (Upper Bass).

7. How to check the bass speaker before buying to avoid fake goods?

Test the sound at various volume levels, check the finish of the speaker cone, speaker frame and request genuine warranty papers from the manufacturer.

8. Why is the bass speaker distorted and how to fix it?

A distorted bass speaker is usually caused by a torn speaker cone, a damaged voice coil, or an inappropriate amplifier power. Check each part and replace if necessary. See more articles: Speakers are distorted and noisy: Causes and solutions

9. Where to buy quality, reputable bass speakers?

If you are looking for a reputable and quality bass speaker address, Phuc Truong Audio is a top choice. Phuc Truong is a unit specializing in providing audio equipment, especially bass speakers, with many years of experience in the industry and highly appreciated by customers.

Outstanding advantages of Phuc Truong Audio:

• Genuine products, diverseg: Phuc Truong Audio is committed to providing genuine bass speakers from famous brands such as JBL, Yamaha, Bose, BMB, Paramax, ensuring superior sound quality. A variety of bass speakers from bass 20, bass 25 to bass 50, suitable for all needs: from family, karaoke to professional stage.
• Competitive price: Reasonable price, competitive in the market, suitable for many customer segments. Regular promotions, discounts and special offers.
• Professional consulting service: A team of experienced staff, with deep knowledge of sound, ready to advise you to choose the product that best suits your needs and budget. Support customers from the selection stage to installation and use.
• Reputable warranty policy: All products at Phuc Truong Audio come with a genuine warranty policy from 12 to 24 months, helping customers feel secure when using. Support for exchange or return if the product has technical errors.
• Nationwide deliveryc: Phuc Truong Audio provides fast delivery service nationwide, ensuring products reach customers in the shortest time. Carefully packaged, ensuring product safety during transportation.

In addition to bass speakers, Phuc Truong Audio also provides other audio equipment such as ampli, mix, microphone, subwoofer, meeting all needs from individuals to large event organizations. Support design and installation of professional sound systems for business karaoke system, auditorium sound system, restaurant sound system, coffee shop sound.

If you are looking for quality bass speakers, please contact Phuc Truong Audio immediately for advice and the best service experience.